Monday, November 06, 2017

Tax Aspects of the Manafort and Gates Indictment Obtained by Special Counsel Mueller's

TaxProf: " In a recent post of mine I referenced Game of Thrones (“GOT”), which is an HBO TV series based on the book collection “A Song of Ice and Fire” by George R.R. Martin. A commentator asked “Would it surprise you to know that some of your readers don't have the faintest idea of what your reference to "Game of Thrones" means?”

For such readers, I regret that you have not read this incredible fantasy adventure series. Not only because it’s good, but because references such as mine abound. Me nem nesa. A particularly amusing and creative spin comes from the otherwise staid ABA Section on Taxation. Each year the Tax Section puts out a “Tax Challenge” for both J.D. students and LL.M. students. This year’s Tax Challenge looks at some tax implications from GOT. Here’s how it starts ...

After a late night watching baseball, I woke up this morning to news of Paul Manafort’s indictment.[fn1] And the 31-page indictment is filled with tax evasion. But, after laying out the fact of and ways in which Manafort evaded taxes, none of the counts seem to charge him with tax evasion. (I find that puzzling, though I’ve never been a litigator, much less involved in criminal tax cases, so I don’t really have any experience with which to judge the strangeness or not of not charging him with tax evasion.)
Even without charges, though, there’s a fascinating romp through tax haven-aided tax evasion here.Continue reading

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In a recent post of mine I referenced Game of Thrones (“GOT”), which is an HBO TV series based on the book collection “A Song of Ice and Fire” by George R.R. Martin. A commentator asked “Would it surprise you to know that some of your readers don't have the faintest idea of what your reference to "Game of Thrones" means?”
For such readers, I regret that you have not read this incredible fantasy adventure series. Not only because it’s good, but because references such as mine abound. Me nem nesa. A particularly amusing and creative spin comes from the otherwise staid ABA Section on Taxation. Each year the Tax Section puts out a “Tax Challenge” for both J.D. students and LL.M. students. This year’s Tax Challenge looks at some tax implications from GOT. Here’s how it starts:

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Tax Aspects of the Manafort and Gates Indictment Obtained by Special Counsel Mueller's Office

Readers of this blog will almost certainly have been exposed to news about the indictment that Special Counsel Mueller's office obtained against Paul Manafort and Rick Gates.  See e.g., Richard Gordon, Manafort is the Tip of the Iceberg (NYT Op-Ed 10/20/17), here, (Gordon, by the way is a law professor who, according to the article, is a "tax professor who specializes in anti-money laundering.")  Many of the articles said that tax fraud was a core claim in the indictment.  But, this is not a typical tax crimes indictment. 

thought it might be helpful to readers, particularly students, to focus on the tax allegations on the indictment.  A copy of the indictment is here.



COUNTS IN THE INDICTMENT
  • COUNT ONE (Conspiracy Against The United States - 18 U.S.C. § 371)
  • COUNT TWO (Conspiracy To Launder Money - 18 U.S.C. § 1956(h))
  • COUNTS THREE THROUGH SIX (For Manafort - Failure To File Reports Of Foreign Bank And Financial Accounts For Calendar Years 2011-2014 - 31 U.S.C. §§ 5314 and 5322(b); 18 U.S.C. § 2)
  • COUNTS SEVEN THROUGH NINE (For Gates - Failure To File Reports Of Foreign Bank And Financial Accounts For Calendar Years 2011-2013)(31 U.S.C. §§ 5314 and 5322(b ); 18 U.S.C. § 2)
  • COUNT TEN (Unregistered Agent Of A Foreign Principal - (22 U.S.C. §§ 612 and 618(a)(l); 18 U.S.C. § 2))
  • COUNT ELEVEN (False and Misleading FARA [Foreign Agents Registration Act] Statements - 22 U.S. C.§§ 612, 618(a)(2); 18 u.s.c. § 2))
  • COUNT TWELVE (False Statements - 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 1001(a))

What is not in the indictment is a Court for a Title 26 tax crime.  There is some nuance here related to the conspiracy counts, both the general conspiracy count (Count 1) and the money laundering conspiracy count (Count 2) which are Title 18 counts, that can in some cases relate to conduct where the gravamen of the crime is a tax crime.  I will get into a discussion of that nuance later.

INDICTMENT ALLEGATIONS RELATING TO TAX